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from article Chemical process safety
Fatal accident rate expressed as a 5-year moving average for the period 1960–1982 for a very large chemical company.
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from article Ancient lethal hothouse
Paleogeography reconstruction of the Early Triassic world (left panel), showing that fishes and ichthyosaurs vacated the equator during the Smithian, with tetrapods exclusively occurring in the northern and southern middle to high latitudes…
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from article Ancient lethal hothouse
A scanning electron microscope image of the Early Triassic conodont Neospathodus, which is used for temperature reconstruction in this study.
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from article Electrospun polymer nanofibers
A typical setup for electrospinning. The inset shows the whipping process of a nanofiber during electrospinning, as captured using a high-speed camera. (Adapted from J. Xie et al., Electrospun nanofibers for neural tissue engineering, Nanoscale,…
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from article Electrospun polymer nanofibers
Scanning electron microscopy images showing electrospun nanofibers with different alignments. (a) A nonwoven mat of random nanofibers collected on a piece of aluminum foil. (b) A uniaxially aligned array of nanofibers deposited across a rectangular…
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from article Electrospun polymer nanofibers
Fluorescence micrograph revealing the aligned projection of neurites (green). The neurites can replicate the topography of the underlying nanofibers with a uniaxial alignment.
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from article Electrospun polymer nanofibers
Superimposed fluorescence and scanning electron micrographs showing the migration of cells from the periphery to the center, as guided by a scaffold of radially aligned nanofibers. (Adapted from J. Xie et al., Radially aligned electrospun nanofibers…
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from article Stress and depression
Diagram of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. ACTH, adrenocorticotropin; CRH, corticotropin-releasing hormone.
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from article Phylogenetics: predicting rarity and endangerment
Phylogenetic tree of the family Hominidae [consisting of humans (Homo sapiens) and the great apes—orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus), and gorilla (Gorilla gorilla)], with branch lengths…
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from article Phylogenetics: predicting rarity and endangerment
(Top) Number of mammal species within various IUCN Red List categories. (Bottom) Percent of threatened (critically endangered + endangered + vulnerable) species within each major mammalian order; primates, including the great apes, contain the…
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from article Data-mining and informatics approaches for environmental contaminants
IBM Many Eyes Phrase Net visualization, showing 48 of 1739 terms, of 374 abstracts queried from PubMed with the search query {“data mining”[All Fields] AND “chemical*”[All Fields] AND hasabstract[text]} illustrating the relationship of key concepts…
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from article Data-mining and informatics approaches for environmental contaminants
CHEMGPS-NP representation showing the overlap of chemicals within three publicly available databases and literature PBPK chemical-specific PBPK models through 2010 PBPK model chemicals queried from literature up to 2010 NHANES IV…
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from article Data-mining and informatics approaches for environmental contaminants
Sixteen dose categories (dose cat.) based on a hypothetical binary (fast/slow) stepwise pharmacokinetic scenario considering ADME only along the source-to-outcome continuum. A “low” and “high” concern dose scenario is highlighted within the red box…
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from article Incorporating exposure science into life-cycle assessment
A variety of approaches are being considered ranging from a qualitative approach to semiquantitative toxicity estimation and prioritization (known as ToxPi) scoring approach (S. Gangwal et al., 2012) to more sophisticated quantitative approaches (R.…
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from article Responses to acute sun exposure in large whales
Sun exposure and whales. (a) Differences in skin color (SC) and time spent at the surface (ST) among blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus, Bm), sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus, Pm), and fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus, Bp). (b) Melanocyte…
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from article Responses to acute sun exposure in large whales
Prevalence of gross blisters and microscopic epidermal abnormalities in blue whales (light gray bars), sperm whales (dark gray bars), and fin whales (black bars). Sample sizes are indicated in the figure. Bars: ±SE (standard error).
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from article Post-Paleozoic ecological complexity
Two contrasting relative abundance distributions from Ordovician and Pleistocene assemblages of skeletonized bottom-dwelling marine animals, representing early Paleozoic and late post-Paleozoic time intervals, respectively. Abundances are shown on a…
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from article Post-Paleozoic ecological complexity
(a) Simple and (b) complex model relative abundance distributions (RADs) are shown as the proportions of individuals belonging to each species in a community, with species ordered from most to least abundant. Distributions were calculated with the…
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from article Post-Paleozoic ecological complexity
(a) Percentages of complex RADs for fossil assemblages in the Paleozoic and post-Paleozoic are shown. All statistically significant RADs are summarized within successive geologic time periods as mean values (circles) and error bars indicating one…
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from article Bubble-rafting snails
(a) Live bubble-rafting violet snail (Janthina exigua) with float and egg capsules (labeled “e”) [photo courtesy of Denis Riek; www.roboastra.com]. (b) Live female wentletrap (Epifungium ulu) with egg mass (labeled “e”) and dwarf male (indicated by…
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from article Bubble-rafting snails
Evolutionary relationships of janthinids and epitoniids. (Left) Reduced evolutionary tree showing the results of a multigene DNA analysis of violet snails (top four species), wentletraps, and other putative benthic sister lineages. Violet snails are…
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from article Phthalates in western Aleutian Island seabirds
Map of islands from which samples have been collected (2009–2014).
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from article Cancer, immunotherapy, and mouse avatars
Tumor tissue is removed from the patient and transplanted into mice. The mouse avatars selected can be immunodeficient, can have no functioning immune system, or can be humanized, in which case they have a functioning human immune system. Once the…
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from article Oxytocin and autism
Oxytocin increases eye contact. (a, b) Gaze time spent on the face under oxytocin and placebo. (c, d) Gaze time spent on different regions of interest under oxytocin and placebo. (Reprinted with permission from E. Andari et al., Promoting social…
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from article Oxytocin and autism
Oxytocin improves social comprehension. (a) Computer ball game showing the amount of reciprocation of each partner toward the participant P (indicated by the tinted arrows). Gray arrows indicate a healthy subject's performance. (b) Number of balls…
