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from article Poppy
Stems, fruits (capsules), and flower of the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum). By cutting into the fruits soon after the petals have fallen, the opium is obtained. (Photo courtesy of Milan Kořínek)
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from article Synthetic immunology
Use of synthetic immunotherapy to treat cancer. (Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education)
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from article Cytomegalovirus infection
Photomicrograph of three enlarged cells with large intranuclear inclusions (each with a clear peripheral halo), which are characteristic of cytomegalovirus infection. In this particular case of an immunosuppressed patient, the cytomegalovirus…
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from article Cytomegalovirus infection
Cytomegalovirus virion inclusion. A transmission electron microscopic (TEM) image depicting cytomegalovirus virions (complete, mature virus particles) in an unknown tissue sample. (Credit: National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases)
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from article Respiratory system disorders
General overview of the human respiratory system. (Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education)
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from article Respiratory system disorders
Some of the most prevalent lower respiratory tract disorders. (Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education)
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from article Osteoporosis
The matrix of osteoporotic bone (in comparison to the normal matrix of bone) has enlarged spaces, making the bone more fragile and brittle. (Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education)
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from article Osteoporosis
Decrease in bone density with age in women. Before menopause, bone loss affects primarily the spine and hip (femur and pelvis); after menopause, bone loss is most pronounced in the radius bone of the forearm.
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from article Appendix (anatomy)
Junction of the human ileum and colon, showing the cecum and vermiform appendix. (From C. K. Weichert, Anatomy of the Chordates, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1970)
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from article Personalized medicine
In the application of personalized medicine, physicians and other laboratory personnel utilize the latest genetic technologies in order to make a diagnosis or prescribe a treatment tailored to each individual patient. (Credit:…
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from article Personalized medicine
The ability to profile the structure, sequence, and expression levels of genes, proteins, and metabolites is redefining how diseases are classified and how treatments are selected, allowing physicians to go beyond the "one size fits all" model of…
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from article Personalized medicine
The success of personalized medicine will rise or fall on its ability to demonstrate its value to the health-care system, to the industries that develop its products, and to patients. (Credit: Tom Grill/JGI/Getty Images)
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from article Avian influenza (bird flu)
After an influenza virus enters the human body, it attaches to cells within the nasal passages and throat (that is, the respiratory tract). The influenza virus's hemagglutinin (HA) surface proteins then specifically bind to the sialic acid receptors…
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from article Avian influenza (bird flu)
Genetic evolution of the H7N9 virus in China. The eight genes of the H7N9 virus are closely related to avian influenza viruses found in domestic ducks, wild birds, and domestic poultry in Asia. The virus probably emerged through reassortment, which…
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from article Robotic surgery
Sofie, a technology demonstrator for robotic minimally invasive surgery in the abdominal and thoracic cavity. (Credit: Bart van Overbeeke, Eindhoven, Netherlands)
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from article Robotic surgery
Pen-shaped handles of the controller interface.
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from article Robotic surgery
Table-mounted remote-manipulator system with one of three manipulator arms.
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from article Robotic surgery
Instrument with elbow-wrist configuration.
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from article Clostridium
The Clostridium difficile enterotoxin (CPE) is the principal toxin involved in C. difficile foodborne illness. (Credit: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
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from article Clostridium
Photomicrograph of Clostridium perfringens using Gram's stain. Clostridium perfringens is a spore-forming, heat-resistant bacterium that can cause foodborne disease by contamination of raw food materials. (Credit: Don Stalons, U.S. Centers for…
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from article Opportunistic infections
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from article Antiseptic
Antiseptics are often used in medical settings to clean wounds. In this case, an antiseptic is applied to a patient's arm wound after suture removal. (Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education)
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from article Antiseptic
An iodine swab is often externally applied to wounds in first-aid treatments. (Credit: Joe Belanger/Alamy)
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from article Tay-Sachs disease
Healthy neuron (top) and neuron affected by Tay-Sachs disease (bottom). Defective hexosaminidase A enzyme activities in the case of Tay-Sachs disease allow lipid substrates to be stored in lysosomal compartments. This abnormal storage becomes toxic,…
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from article Tay-Sachs disease
Retinal cherry-red spot in a patient with Tay-Sachs disease. As the disease progresses, affected individuals may develop gradual loss of vision. (Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education)
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from article Tay-Sachs disease
Tay-Sachs disease results from mutations of a gene known as the HEX A gene, which encodes the α-subunit of the hexosaminidase A enzyme. When both partners are mutation carriers, each pregnancy has a 25% chance of being affected. (Copyright ©…
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from article Pseudomonas
Photomicrograph of stained Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. Each bacterium possesses a single polar flagellum. (Credit: Lisa Burgess; copyright © McGraw-Hill Education)
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from article Retrovirus
Different morphological types of retroviruses. (a) Murine mammary tumor virus, a Betaretrovirus, shown with its off-center core surrounded by an envelope. (b) Feline leukemia virus, a Gammaretrovirus, shown with its centrally located core. (c)…
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from article Smallpox
A transmission electron micrograph of smallpox viruses using a negative stain technique. (Credit: Frederick A. Murphy/U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
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from article Thyroid gland disorders
Thyroid gland and related anatomical structures. (Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education)
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from article Thyroid gland disorders
Follicular adenomas constitute most thyroid neoplasms. The bottom half of the photomicrograph has a follicular adenoma, with a rim of normal thyroid gland seen in the remainder of the image. The follicular adenoma has a thin capsule (arrow). In…
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from article Strychnos
Strychnos nux-vomica: close-up view of leaves and flowering branch. (Photo courtesy of Dinesh Valke)
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from article Surveillance radar
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from article Digenea
Diagrams of various adult types of digenean trematodes. (After R. M. Cable, An Illustrated Laboratory Manual of Parasitology, Burgess, Minneapolis, 1940)
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from article Digenea
Digenean trematode life cycle. (After R. M. Cable, An Illustrated Laboratory Manual of Parasitology, Burgess, Minneapolis, 1940)
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from article Animal testing
Mice are the most commonly used vertebrate species in animal testing and research. (Credit: Dolores Bonaparte)
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from article Animal testing
The use of animals in biomedical research remains essential, but the handling of these sentient beings must be done humanely to minimize and prevent animal harm. (Credit: U.S. Department of Agriculture)
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from article Antibiotic
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that can be treated with antibiotic drugs. The light micrograph highlights a section through a lymph node displaying tuberculosis. White blood cells (dark nuclei) are seen around a tubercle containing bacteria.…
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from article Antibiotic
Chemical structure of penicillin: R-C9H11N2O4S. The variable side chain (R) determines the specific properties of the antibiotic.
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from article Antibiotic
Two agar culture plates being used in an antibiotic susceptibility test (AST). The pH of the left plate is 7.2, whereas the pH of the right plate is 8.0. Each of the small disks, or wafers, on each plate contain an antibiotic cocktail. The light…
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from article Antibiotic
Illustration showing the steps involved in antibiotic resistance. (Credit: Melissa Brower, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
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from article Cancer stem cells
The persistent activation of stem cells by, for example, tissue repair causes stem cells to self-renew, leading to cancer. (Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education)
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from article Cancer stem cells
Stem cells have the property of self-renewal with the capacity for differentiation into more specialized cell types. (Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education)
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from article Cancer stem cells
Cancer stem cell (CSC) targeting strategies. Both direct CSC targeting strategies (left) and indirect CSC targeting strategies (right) hold promise for cancer therapy (TME = tumor microenvironment).
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from article Artemisinin
Structural representation of artemisinin (C15H22O5).
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from article Nutrition
Nutrition is key for a healthy life. Many government agencies provide information and guidelines about the nutritional requirements for a proper human diet. (Credit: United States Department of Agriculture)
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from article Nutrition
"Nutrition facts" labels found on food products advise and inform consumers about the food's nutritional value. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has designed a new label to reflect the latest scientific information; this label…
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from article Cataract
Types of cataracts: (a) traumatic “star-shaped,” (b) senile “cuneiform,” and (c) senile “morgagnian.”
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from article Adenoviridae
A computer-generated representation of an adenovirus. (Image courtesy of Richard J. Feldmann)
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from article Turn and bank indicator
Typical turn and bank indicator. (U.S. Air Force)
