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A major plant hormone that plays an important role in plant growth and development. Abscisic acid (ABA), with a chemical formula of C15H20O4 (Fig. 1), is one of the most significant hormones found in plants. It is responsible for regulating various…

Any of several leguminous plants, or their seeds, long utilized as food by humans or livestock. There are more than 40,000 varieties of beans, with only a small number of these being mass-produced for human or animal consumption. In particular,…

The branch of biological science that embraces the study of plants and plant life. Botany is the scientific study of plants (see illustration), encompassing investigations of plant anatomy, physiology, genetics, phylogeny, ecology, pathology, and…

The segment of horticulture concerned with the commercial production, marketing, and sale of plants grown and used for decorative or display purposes. Floriculture is a branch of horticulture, that is, the art and science of growing plants,…

An organism that has had its genetic material manipulated or altered in a laboratory setting through the use of genetic or genomic engineering techniques. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are microorganisms, plants, or animals that have been…

Optical instruments that establish an optical line or axis for the purpose of aiming a weapon. The axis includes the observer's eye, a suitable mark in the instrument, and the target. For a pistol, the traditional iron sights employ a rear notch and…