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from article Food science
Food scientist examining a tomato. (Credit: Adam Gault/Age Fotostock)
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from article Animal testing
Mice are the most commonly used vertebrate species in animal testing and research. (Credit: Dolores Bonaparte)
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from article Animal testing
The use of animals in biomedical research remains essential, but the handling of these sentient beings must be done humanely to minimize and prevent animal harm. (Credit: U.S. Department of Agriculture)
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from article Transmission lines
Two common transmission lines for communication. (a) Coaxial cable. (b) Strip line.
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from article Transmission lines
Equivalent circuit that represents three sections of a lossless transmission line. Each section is of length Δz, and has an inductor (L) and capacitor (C). Voltages (V ) and currents (I ), and their differences (ΔV and ΔI ) between successive…
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from article Transmission lines
Signal detection on an oscilloscope. (a) Oscilloscope pictures of voltage pulses at three locations, z1, z2, and z3, on a transmission line, successively more distant from the signal generator. (b) Oscilloscope pictures of a periodic voltage sine…
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from article Transmission lines
Transmission line with characteristic impedance Zc, terminated in a load impedance ZL. A change of coordinate system (from z to ζ) is indicated.
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from article Transmission lines
Envelope of the voltage standing wave consisting of a wave propagating from z = −∞ and being reflected at z = 0. The wavelength, λ, and the maximum and minimum voltages, Vmax and Vmin, are indicated.
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from article Transmission lines
Two waveguides, with conventional coordinates. (a) Rectangular waveguide. (b) Cylindrical waveguide.
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from article Transmission lines
Dispersion curve for a rectangular waveguide of width a, showing relationship between the propagation constant, β, and the angular frequency, ω. Here, n specifies the mode of propagation, and c is the speed of light.
