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from article Otter
North American river otter (Lontra canadensis). (Credit: Alan and Sandy Carey/Getty Images)
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from article Otter
Sea otter (Enhydra lutris) in the water off the coast of Moss Landing, California. (Credit: Lilian Carswell/U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service)
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from article Exposure meter
Basic exposure meter circuits. (a) Photovoltaic type circuit. (b) Photoconductive type circuit.
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from article Donor atom
Pentavalent donor atom, phosphorus (P), in the elemental semiconductor silicon (Si). (a) Phosphorus atom in a substitutional position, that is, replacing silicon, a tetravalent host atom, by completing the four tetrahedral covalent bonds with its…
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from article Radiation damage to materials
The five principal mechanisms of radiation damage are ionization, vacancies, interstitials, impurity atoms, and thermal spikes. Diagram shows how a neutron might give rise to each in copper. Grid-line intersections are equilibrium positions for…
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from article Radiation damage to materials
Sensitivity of engineering materials to radiation. Levels are approximate and subject to variation. Changes are in most cases at least 10%. (After O. Sisman and J. C. Wilson, Nucleonics, 14:58–65, 1956)
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from article Nuclear reaction
Formation of the compound nucleus 14N after capture of the deuteron by 12C. Four exit channels are indicated.
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from article Nuclear reaction
A (d, p) transfer reaction.
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from article Echiura
Echiuran anatomy. (a) External anatomy, ventral view. (b) Internal anatomy, dorsal view. A, anus; AV, anal vesicles; G, gut (middle section removed for clarity); M, mouth; N, nephridia (egg and sperm storage organs); S, setae; VNC, ventral nerve…
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from article Schizomida
Schizomus sawadai. (After K. Sekiguchi and T. Yamasaki, A redescription of “Trithyreus sawadi” (Uropygi: Schizomidae) from the Bonin Islands, Acta Arachnol., 24(2):73–81, 1972)
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from article Oscilloscope
Four-channel 150-MHz analog oscilloscope. (Credit: Tektronix)
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from article Oscilloscope
Sweep generator waveforms. (a) Single waveform, showing instant of trigger (T). (b) Dual time base in set-up mode: sweep by A, intensified by B. (c) Dual time base in delayed display mode: scan delayed by A, sweep by B.
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from article Oscilloscope
High-speed general-purpose digitizing oscilloscope. (Credit: Tektronix)
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from article Periodic table
Periodic table of the elements.
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from article Notomyotida
Some diagnostic features of representative Notomyotida. (a) Paxillae and one pectinate pedicellariae of Cheiraster richardsoni. (b) Benthopecten pentacanthus.
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from article Adiabatic demagnetization
Entropy–temperature diagram of a paramagnetic substance, showing process of adiabatic demagnetization.
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from article Adiabatic demagnetization
Low-temperature part of two-stage nuclear refrigerator with superconducting magnets. Demagnetization of the second stage from an initial magnetic field of 9 teslas gave measured electronic temperatures of 10–12 μK. (After F. Pobell, Matter and…
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from article Reciprocity principle
Antenna system.
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from article Reciprocity principle
Two-mesh network.
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from article Reciprocity principle
Charged conducting bodies.
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from article Reciprocity principle
Four-terminal, black-box network.
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from article Cotton effect
Behavior of the ORD and CD curves in the vicinity of an absorption band at wavelength λ0 (idealized). (a) Positive Cotton effect. (b) Negative Cotton effect.
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from article Cotton effect
Curves used to determine relative rotatory intensities. (a) Partial ORD curve. (b) Partial CD curve.
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from article Cotton effect
Structural formula of (+)-trans-9-methyl-1,4,9,10- tetrahydronaphthalene.
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from article Cotton effect
Schematic representation of the twisted diene chromophore showing the two possible handednesses; the numbering is as indicated in Fig. 3 (a) Right-handed. (b) Left-handed.
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from article Parity (quantum mechanics)
Beta decay from polarized cobalt-60 nuclei. When the spin axes of the cobalt nuclei are not polarized, the preferential emission of the electrons and antineutrinos in the directions shown does not occur.
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from article Crystal optics
Index ellipsoid, showing construction of directions of vibrations of D vectors belonging to a wave normal s . The vectors D ′ and D ″ define the orthogonal decomposition of the displacement vector D and will depend on the orientation in the…
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from article Crystal optics
Huygens construction for a plane wave incident normally on transparent calcite. If one proceeds to find the common tangents to the secondary wavelets shown, the two plane waves labeled OO′ and EE′ are obtained. (After F. A. Jenkins and H. E. White,…
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from article Crystal optics
Huygens construction when the optic axis lies in the plane of incidence. (After F. A. Jenkins and H. E. White, Fundamentals of Optics, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1976)
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from article Crystal optics
X-cut and Z-cut plates in NH4H2PO4 crystal.
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from article Crystal optics
Interference pattern from crystals that have been placed between crossed Nicol prisms. (a) Fluorspar that has been cut perpendicular to the optic axis. (b) Brazil topaz. (After M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics, 7th ed., reprinted with…
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from article Jerboa
Jerboa. (Credit: Pekka Fågel)
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from article Ratites
Ostrich (Struthio camelus massaicus). (Photo courtesy of Gerald and Buff Corsi, copyright © California Academy of Sciences)
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from article Ratites
Greater rhea (Rhea americana). (Photo courtesy of Dr. Lloyd Glenn Ingles, copyright © California Academy of Sciences)
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from article Pirani gage
Diagram of a Pirani gage.
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from article Choanoflagellida
A linear colony of the choanoflagellate, Desmarella moniliformis.
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from article Electrochemistry
Electrolysis of aqueous potassium bromide. (Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education/Stephen Frisch)
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from article Thévenin's theorem (electric networks)
Network and its Thévenin equivalent. (a) Original network. (b) Thévenin equivalent circuit.
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from article Thévenin's theorem (electric networks)
Network and its Norton equivalent. (a) Original network. (b) Norton equivalent circuit.
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from article Thévenin's theorem (electric networks)
Power distribution circuit and its Thévenin and Norton equivalents. (a) Original circuit. (b) Thévenin equivalent circuit with its load ZL connected. (c) Norton equivalent circuit.
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from article Thévenin's theorem (electric networks)
Amplifier and its Thévenin and Norton equivalents. Numerical values are given in the text. (a) Original circuit. (b) Circuit constructed to find Thévenin impedance. (c) Thévenin equivalent circuit. (d) Norton equivalent circuit.
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from article Thévenin's theorem (electric networks)
Circuit constructed to demonstrate Thévenin's theorem.
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from article Osmium
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from article Osmium
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from article Trematoda
Phylogeny of the Neodermata. Note that the monophyly of the Neodermata has been confirmed by many morphological and DNA studies. The phylogeny of the various neodermatan subgroups may have to be revised on the basis of studies using mitochondrial…
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from article Trematoda
Furcocercaria of Schistosoma. Note the forked tail.
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from article Trematoda
Eggs of Schistosoma species. Note the differently developed spine and egg shape in the various species shown.
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from article Trematoda
Paragonimus species. Note the spinose tegument. Worms are about 1.5 cm (0.6 in.) in length.
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from article Luminescence analysis
Typical photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra for molecules in solution.
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from article Luminescence analysis
Components of instrumentation for luminescence measurements.
