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Fully automatic land-based ELINT system, which monitors and documents the nature and location of hostile electromagnetic emitters and detects any changes in their location. (Litton Applied Technology)

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from article Electronic warfare

Metallized glass chaff, which returns spurious radar echoes. (Lundy Electronics and Systems)

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from article Electronic warfare

Bulk-chaff dispensing pod which ejects chaff through six exit pipes.

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from article Electronic warfare

Countermeasures-dispensing system aboard an air transport used in humanitarian relief efforts ejecting flares to foil attacks by ground-launched infrared guided missiles. (Lockheed Aircraft Service Co.)

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from article Electronic warfare

Transmitter of infrared countermeasures system, providing 360° protection, mounted atop fuselage of UH-lH utility helicopter. (Sanders Associates)

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from article Electronic warfare

Typical pulse repeater jamming system.

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from article Electronic warfare

Programmable countermeasures-dispensing system, which can dispense chaff, flares, and active expendables to protect aircraft from threats. (Tracor)

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from article Electronic warfare

Antenna for shipborne deception ECM system mounted on vessel's superstructure. (Hughes Aircraft Co.)

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from article Laser photochemistry

Excitation scheme using intense infrared lasers. (a) Multiphoton. (b) Single photon. The black arrows represent the absorption of a photon.

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from article Laser photochemistry

Schematic representation of a photodissociation experiment where 210-nm light is used to excite bromoiodomethane, causing rupture of the strong C-Br bond in preference to the weaker C-I bond.

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from article Laser photochemistry

Schematic drawing of the reaction barrier for breaking either the O-H or the O-D bond in the reaction of H + HOD or Cl + HOD. The thick arrows represent vibrational overtone excitation of either the 4νOH or the 5νOD bonds of HOD. The thin arrows…

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from article Laser photochemistry

Mask repair by laser deposition using a low-power laser at 1-μm resolution. (After K. G. Ibbs and R. M. Osgood, eds., Laser Chemical Processing for Microelectronics, Cambridge University Press, 1989)

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from article Laser photochemistry

Diagram of the expansion of a gas in a supersonic jet. The gas cools as it expands into the low-pressure regions.

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from article Laser photochemistry

Potential energy diagram for the dissociation of ICN. (After A. H. Zewail, Chem. Eng. News, 66(42):24–42, 1988)

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from article Aircraft design

Visualization of a simulated pressure field on the exterior of a conceptual "double bubble" aircraft, a modified "tube-and-wing" structure that places the engine on the top rear of the fuselage. Slower air flow along the fuselage and into the engine…

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from article Aircraft design

Aircraft controls.

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from article Aircraft design

Aircraft banking. Heavy arrows represent wing lift.

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from article Aircraft design

Airplane experiencing an increase in angle of attack, during which the lift on the main wing and the tail plane, represented by heavy arrows, also increases.

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from article Aircraft design

Induced drag.

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from article Aircraft design

Jet engine components.

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from article Microwave filter

Common microwave filter attenuation (insertion loss) versus frequency responses. (a) Low-pass filter. (b) High-pass filter. (c) Band-pass filter. (d) Band-stop filter. Attenuation or insertion loss increases down the vertical axis.

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from article Microwave filter

Third-order (four-section) microwave band-pass filter. (a) Layout of parallel coupled stripline filter. (b) Calculated frequency response of filter, with center frequency of 2 GHz and 0.5-dB equal-ripple passband.

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from article Electrical conduction in gases

Current-potential characteristics for a two-electrode device with constant pressure.

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from article Ceramics

Drain-casting process. (a) Mold being filled with slip. (b) Mold extracting liquid, forming compact along mold walls. (c) Excess slip being drained. (d) Casting removed after partial drying. (After D. W. Richerson, Modern Ceramic Engineering, Marcel…

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from article Ceramics

Schematic diagram of doctor-blade tape casting process. (After D. W. Richerson, Modern Ceramic Engineering, Marcel Dekker, 1982)

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from article Ceramics

Schematic diagram showing the essential elements of a hot press. (After D. W. Richerson, Modern Ceramic Engineering, Marcel Dekker, 1982)

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from article Enceladus

Mosaic of 21 narrow-angle camera images (taken using visible, infrared, and ultraviolet filters) of Enceladus, taken by the Cassini orbiter on July 14, 2005. The Southern Hemisphere region is smoother and younger, in contrast to the older, cratered…

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from article Enceladus

Different views of the Enceladus plumes. (a) Image of back-lit (by the Sun) Enceladus, revealing the large scale of the plumes. (b) Imagery revealing eight different sources associated with the tiger-stripe features. (c) At least 30 differently…

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from article Enceladus

Back-lit view of Saturn's E ring from September 15, 2006, showing wisps of bright, icy material from Enceladus joining the E ring. The structure of the wisps contains information about the direction of grain emission, the sweeping aspect of…

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from article Enceladus

Model to explain the observation of plumes above the Enceladus tiger stripe fissures, and of sodium salts and organics in the plumes. Slightly bubbly seawater from a subsurface ocean travels through a passage in the ice crust to feed a geyser,…

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from article Carnot cycle

Carnot cycle for air. (a) Pressure-volume diagram. (b) Temperature-entropy diagram.

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from article Carnot cycle

Thermal efficiency of the Carnot cycle with heat-rejection temperature Tcold equal to 500°R (278 K).

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from article Carnot cycle

Carnot cycle with steam. (a) Pressure-volume diagram. (b) Temperature-entropy diagram.

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from article Syzygy

Diagram, not to scale, of the Sun, the Earth, the Moon, and a planet, illustrating syzygy. Symbols are explained in text.

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from article Statistical process control

Control charts for length: (a) mean and (b) range. UCL = upper central limit. LCL = lower central limit. X = average of all X points. R = average of all R points.

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from article Splines

Diagrams of (a) square spline and (b) involute spline profile.

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from article Field theory (mathematics)

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from article Field theory (mathematics)

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from article Field theory (mathematics)

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from article Field theory (mathematics)

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from article Carbon

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from article Carbon

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from article Carbon

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from article Zinc metallurgy

Schematic flow sheet for zinc metallurgy.

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from article Ovarian disorders

Illustrations displaying a normal ovary (bottom left), a polycystic ovary (bottom right), and the location of the ovaries in relation to the uterus (top). In the polycystic ovary, follicle development is stopped, so there is no ovulation. (Credit:…

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from article Ovarian disorders

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from article Occultation

Schematic light curve of a central occultation by a ringed planet with substantial atmosphere. The relative brightness of the star, π(r), is plotted as a function of time or distance from the center of the planet, r. The decrease in stellar…

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from article Rice

A long-grain variety of rice (Oryza sativa) growing in a field. (Credit: Keith Weller/Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture)

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from article Rice

Rice panicle. Each spikelet has a single caryopsis enclosed in the lemma and palea. A centimeter ruler is shown for measurement purposes. (Credit: Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture)

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from article Rice

Rice grains. (Credit: Howard F. Schwartz/Colorado State University)

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from article Rice

Mechanical harvesting of rice on a farm in northern California. (Credit: Gary Kramer/Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture)

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from article Rice

Rice stem nodes affected by rice blast lesions. Rice blast is a fungal disease caused by Magnaporthe grisea. (Credit: Donald Groth/Louisiana State University AgCenter)

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from article Rice

Bacterial panicle blight (seen as a discoloration) on rice grains. This disease is caused by Burkholderia glumae. (Credit: Donald Groth/Louisiana State University AgCenter)

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from article Rice

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from article Thermocouple

Basic circuit of a thermocouple.

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from article Transgenic plant vaccine

Transgenic plant vaccines, or plant-based vaccines, are produced by genetic techniques that introduce antigens into selected plants (for example, potato plants). When a plant-based vaccine has been consumed, the host initiates a mucosal immune…

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from article Photoclinometer

Schlumberger photoclinometer. (a) Principal features. (b) Type of record obtained. (Schlumberger Well Surveying Corp.)

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from article Photoclinometer

Motion-picture film records which were made by the Surwell clinograph. (Sperry-Sun Well Surveying Co.)

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from article Photoclinometer

Vertical section through Surwell clinograph. (Sperry-Sun Well Surveying Co.)

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from article Foothill abortion

Near-term foothill abortions. The aborted calves show typical distended abdomens (resulting from edema) [labeled "a"] and skin lesions [labeled "b"]. (Credit: Jeffrey L. Stott)

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from article Foothill abortion

Classical lesions associated with a case of foothill abortion: (a) petechial hemorrhages on eyelid; (b) petechial hemorrhages on tongue and gums; (c) fluid- and fibrin-filled abdominal cavity, swollen liver, and enlarged spleen. (Credit: Jeffrey L.…

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from article Foothill abortion

Habitat and appearance of the Pajaroello tick: (a) typical terrain (sage, bitterbrush, and pinyon pine) inhabited by the Pajaroello tick; (b, c) collection of Pajaroello ticks using dry-ice traps (hungry ticks are attracted to carbon dioxide); (d)…

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from article Ammeter

Magnetic circuit of a clip-on ammeter or current probe. B = magnetic flux density, H = magnetic field strength.

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from article Textile microbiology

Stages of deterioration of cotton fiber under influence of fungi. (a) Normal fibers. (b, c) Fungal hyphae growing on the outside of the fiber (shown by arrows). (d) Fungal hyphae growing in the lumen of the fiber. (e, f) Fibers showing excessive and…

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from article Textile microbiology

Two growth stages of cellulose bacteria (Sporocytophaga myxococcoides) on cotton fiber. (a) Initial stage. (b) Final stage. (From A. N. J. Heyn, Textile Res. J., 27:591–602, 1957)

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from article Inland waterways transportation

Commercially navigable inland and intracoastal waterways of the United States.

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from article Inland waterways transportation

Roll on/roll off (RO/RO) deck barge. (The American Waterways Operators)

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from article Inland waterways transportation

Inland tow, consisting of open and closed dry cargo barges, being pushed ahead by a towboat. (The American Waterways Operators)

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from article Inland waterways transportation

Inland towboat. (The American Waterways Operators)

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from article Inland waterways transportation

Articulated tug-barge used in coastal towing. (The American Waterways Operators)

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from article Inland waterways transportation

Barge tow going through a lock in the Pacific Northwest. (The American Waterways Operators)

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from article Nuclear explosion

The Grable nuclear explosion on May 25, 1953 at the Nevada Proving Grounds. The atomic bomb, with a yield of 15 kilotons, was fired from a 280-mm cannon, seen at right. It remains the only nuclear artillery shell tested by the United States…

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from article Nuclear explosion

The mushroom cloud from the first test of a thermonuclear device, code-named Ivy Mike, with a yield of about 10 megatons. Part of Operation Ivy by the United States military, Mike detonated on Elugelab island in the Eniwetok Atoll on October 31,…

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from article Nuclear explosion

The destruction in Hiroshima, captured in a photograph more than two months after the dropping of an atomic bomb in August 1945. (Credit: The National Archives)

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from article Pinch effect

Pinch pressure on a current-carrying conductor. Arrows at left show direction of pinch pressure.

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from article Pinch effect

Early type of ring induction electric furnace. (a) Side view. (b) Plan view.

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from article Pinch effect

Xenon pinched discharge in Perhapsatron torus.

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from article Pinch effect

Instability. (a) Sausage type. (b) Kink type.

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from article Pinch effect

ZT-40 reversed-field Z-pinch apparatus. 1 m = 3.3 ft. (Los Alamos National Laboratory)

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from article Pinch effect

Two geometries for plasma confinement systems. (a) Z pinch. (b) θ pinch.

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from article Information theory (biology)

Human information processing. The estimates of channel capacity are based on the number of rods in the retina of the eye and the number of hair cells in the inner ear's organ of Corti.

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from article Information theory (biology)

Flow diagram of communication.

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from article Information theory (biology)

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from article Information theory (biology)

Coupling diagram of communication.

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from article Radioactive waste management

Workers at the Hanford Site in Washington State retrieve barrels of transuranic waste for packing and shipping to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), located outside of Carlsbad, New Mexico, for permanent storage 660 m (2150 ft) underground in…

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from article Radioactive waste management

Water dilution volume of spent fuel containing 1 metric ton (2200 lb) of uranium. The total amount of fuel needed to generate 1 GW(e)-year of electric energy is approximately 40 metric tons. The concentration of some of the transuranics increases…

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from article Radioactive waste management

The Moab Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action (UMTRA) Project, site of a 30-acre tailings pile generated by a former uranium-ore processing facility that was adjacent to the Colorado River (at center). The Department of Energy is cleaning up the…

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from article Solution

Fugacity and mole fraction. Line A, ideal. Line B, typical nonideal. Line C, Henry's law.

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from article Adsorption

Particle adsorption on polymer hydrogel surface. [Credit: N. Sato et al., Sci. Rep., 2017 (CC BY 4.0)]

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from article Adsorption

One-dimensional potential energy curves typical for hydrogen molecules (H2) and atoms (H) as they approach the surface of a metal substrate. The solid curve, which involves a crossing from the molecular curve to the atomic curve, shows the type of…

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from article Adsorption

Analogy between the bonding of (a) the ethylidyne ligand (CCH3) to a rhodium (Rh) single crystal surface and (b) to a cobalt carbonyl cluster [H3CC(Co)2(CO)7]. The bond lengths and angles, as determined by diffraction techniques, are virtually…

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from article Adsorption

Scanning tunneling micrographs of 5× 2.25 nanometer areas of (a) the basal plane of a graphite surface and (b) the same surface after being covered with a liquid drop of 1-triacontanol. The bright spots in (a) correspond to every other carbon atom…

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from article Automotive steering

Speed-sensitive rack-and-pinion power-steering system that provides variable assist. (American Honda Motor Co., Inc.)

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from article Automotive steering

Construction of a rack-and-pinion power-steering gear. (Moog Automotive, Inc.)

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from article Automotive steering

Basic factors in wheel alignment. (a) Suspension height. (b) Toe. (c) Caster. (d) Camber. (e) Steering-axis inclination. (f) Turning radius. (Chrysler Corp.)

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from article Circulation disorders

Illustration of the thickening and hardening of blood vessels prevalent in patients with arteriosclerosis. (Credit: Christoph Burgstedt/Shutterstock)

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from article Circulation disorders

Intestinal ischemia. Note the red discoloration of the wall of the ischemic segment of the colon (arrow). Colonic ischemia can result from a variety of causes; in this case, the patient had a thrombus that developed within the superior mesenteric…

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from article Radiation chemistry

Safe handling of radioactive materials in the a radiation chemistry laboratory requires the use of state-of-the-art handling air-separation gloveboxes. [Credit: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)]

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from article Radiation chemistry

Variation of G with linear energy transfer (LET) for the products solvated electron (e−aq ), OH, H2O2, H, and H2.

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from article Radiation chemistry

Growth and decay of the signal of naphtholate anion in the pulse irradiation of a naphthol solution. Determination of the decay rate gives a spontaneous lifetime of 30 milliseconds for loss of the naphthol proton in aqueous solution.

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