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from article Milky Way Galaxy
The Milky Way as seen from the Atacama Desert in Chile at an altitude of around 3,650 m (12,000 ft), with large cacti silhouetted in the foreground. (Credit: ESO/S. Guisard )
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Image
from article Milky Way Galaxy
An artist’s impression of the Milky Way Galaxy as seen from above and with the approximate location of the Sun labeled. [Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/R. Hurt (SSC)]
Image
from article Milky Way Galaxy
Infrared image of the Milky Way as seen from the location of the Sun, made from the 2MASS infrared sky survey. The image shows both the bulge and the disk of the Milky Way. Absorption by dust is minimized in the infrared, which accounts for the…
Image
from article Milky Way Galaxy
NGC 4603, a galaxy with a gross morphology similar to the Milky Way, seen obliquely. The spiral arms and the bulge are visible in the center. The bulge appears to be elongated because the galaxy also contains a bar, an extended feature containing…
Image
from article Milky Way Galaxy
A combination of X-ray and radio emission data from the core of the Milky Way, revealing the three-armed “minispiral” structure, with Sagittarius A* labeled, as well as other features including a jet blasted out by the supermassive black hole.…
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from article Virgo Cluster
Distribution of members of the Virgo Cluster on the sky, as determined in the du Pont Telescope survey. (After O.-G. Richter and B. Binggeli, eds., The Virgo Cluster, European Southern Observatory, 1985)
Image
from article Virgo Cluster
Central area of the Virgo Cluster, showing some of its brightest galaxy members. (Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope image courtesy of C. Cuillandre)
Image
from article Virgo Cluster
X-ray image of the entire Virgo Cluster. The main blob is centered on the giant active galaxy M87 (see Fig. 4). (Image from Roentgen Satellite (ROSAT) courtesy of NASA)
Image
from article Virgo Cluster
Giant elliptical galaxy M87. It is one of the brightest galaxies in the Virgo Cluster and is notable for its extremely massive central black hole. (Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope image courtesy of C. Cuillandre)
Image
from article Virgo Cluster
Sombrero Galaxy in an image obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope. The spheroidal galaxy of stars hosts a thin, spiral-shaped ring of dust, visible in the infrared because of the light emission from the warm dust grains. (NASA/Spitzer Science…
Image
from article Communications satellite
Artist impression of TDRS-L, the 11th member of NASA's Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System, orbiting Earth at 36,000 km (22,300 mi). TDRS-L sends signals, information, and commands from ground controllers to the International Space Station and…
Image
from article Communications satellite
Communications to and from a satellite.
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from article Communications satellite
Typical communications satellite. TWTA = traveling-wave–tube amplifier. (Credit: Space Systems/Loral)
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from article Communications satellite
Orbit periods of circular orbits.
Image
from article Forest ecosystem
Forest in Moran State Park on Orcas Island, Washington. (Credit: Chris Willig)
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from article Forest ecosystem
Forest fire in No Name Creek area of Colorado. (Credit: Andrea Booher/FEMA)
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from article Forest ecosystem
Puma and cub in forest. (Credit: Grant Faint/Stockbyte/Getty Images)
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from article Forest ecosystem
Conceptual model of elemental cycling in a terrestial ecosystem, emphasizing the presence and activities of arthropod consumers. The indirect regulation of elemental movement by arthropods is indicated by the hourglass-shaped valves on these flows.…
Image
from article Forest ecosystem
The southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis) is a destructive insect pest of coniferous forests in the southern United States. (Credit: U.S. Forest Service)
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from article Forest ecosystem
Belowground food web. (Credit: Elaine Ingham)
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from article Polymer composite
Relation between stiffness and filler type and orientation in polymeric materials. L/D = length/diameter of fiber.
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from article Polymer composite
Load transfer from matrix to fiber in a composite. LC = critical length. σma = matrix stress.
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from article Polymer composite
Tensile modulus for various fibers.
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from article Polymer composite
Unidirectional continuous fiber–reinforced laminated structure. L = longitudinal direction. T = transverse direction.
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from article Polymer composite
Measured and predicted elastic modulus in a unidirectional fiber–reinforced laminate as a function of angle between the loading and fiber direction.
Image
from article Toggle
Toggle mechanism. (a) Simple structure. (b) Traditional configuration. (c) Typical application.
Image
from article Pluto
An enhanced-color global view of Pluto taken by the New Horizons spacecraft on July 14, 2015, showing Pluto's diversity in surface texture and composition. The image (which actually is a mosaic of four images) resolves details on scales as small as…
Image
from article Pluto
Pluto and its five known moons, imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope on July 7, 2012. (Credit: NASA/ESA/Mark R. Showalter, SETI Institute)
Image
from article Pluto
A perspective view of the orbit of Pluto showing the inclination i and eccentricity of the orbit. The orbits of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are also shown. Terms: A, aphelion; P, perihelion; NN′, line of nodes. (Credit: Based on an original…
Image
from article Pluto
Two views of Pluto's vast nitrogen ice plain known as Sputnik Planitia. (Left) An enhanced-color close-up section of the glacial plains in the middle of Sputnik Planitia. (Right) A "scattering map" of the same region, created by combining two images…
Image
from article Pluto
Charon, pictured by New Horizons. (Credit: NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI)
Image
from article Vampyromorpha
Vampyroteuthis infernalis (vampire squid) living in the oxygen-minimum zone of Monterey Bay, California, at depths of 600–900 m (1970–2950 ft). (Photo courtesy of Kim Reisenbichler, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, CA)
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from article Vampyromorpha
Vampyroteuthis infernalis (vampire squid) showing sensory filaments and photophores (light organs).
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from article Tangent
Line L tangent to curve C at P.
Image
from article Herbig-Haro objects
Jet and bow-shock emission from Herbig-Haro 34. Two opposite jets run into the surrounding interstellar medium, where they terminate in Herbig-Haro objects with a characteristic bow-shock structure. The jets are composed of “bullets” of dense gas…
Image
from article Herbig-Haro objects
Spitzer Space Telescope infrared image and an optical Digital Sky Survey image of Herbig-Haro objects 46 and 47. The inset at the bottom left shows the optical image of the cloud in which the protostar is born and the associated Herbig-Haro objects…
Image
from article Herbig-Haro objects
Disk and jets associated with Herbig-Haro 30, showing changes between images taken in (a) 1995, (b) 1998 and (c) 2000 with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 aboard the Hubble Space Telescope. A slightly flared disk of dust and gas appears…
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from article Civet
Owston's palm civet (Chrotogale owston). (Photo copyright © by Mark Kostich)
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from article Medical waste
The uniform international biohazard symbol.
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from article Convection in the Earth
Pattern of magnetic stripes over the Reykjanes Ridge southwest of Iceland. (After J. R. Heirtzler, X. LePichon, and J. G. Baron, Magnetic anomalies over the Reykjanes Ridge, Deep Sea Res., 13:427, 1966)
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from article Convection in the Earth
Geographic setting of the Kurile Trench off the Kamchatka Peninsula, showing the deep ocean trench and the characteristic line of volcanoes in the vicinity of the subduction zone. The sections A′ and B′ illustrate the bathymetry normal to the trench…
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from article Convection in the Earth
Characteristic variation of heat flow and bathymetry. (a) Variation of surface heat flow as a function of age of the ocean floor in millions of years before present for the Pacific, South Atlantic, and Indian oceans. (b) Variation of sea-floor…
Image
from article Convection in the Earth
Global seismicity showing surface projections of all earthquakes which occurred during 1965–1975 with magnitudes in the range 4.5–5.5. Plate boundaries are located along the seams marked by high frequency of earthquake occurrence.
Image
from article Convection in the Earth
Map of global tectonic and volcanic activity over the past million years. (After The Physical World, National Geographic Society, Van der Grinten projection, 1975)
Image
from article Seawater
Vertical distribution of phosphate (PO43−) at three stations to show a range of characteristics found in major oceanic regions. North Atlantic is from a region in the central North Atlantic northeast of Bermuda and North Pacific is from the central…
Image
from article Seawater
Vertical distribution of total carbon dioxide concentrations at locations in the North Atlantic and North Pacific. Below depths of a few hundred meters, the distributions are generally characteristic of fairly large regions in the two oceans.
Image
from article Seawater
Layers in seawater in a section through the Atlantic Ocean from the Greenland Sea (right) to the Weddell Sea (left). The thick line represents depth. (a) Potential temperature; contour values are in °C (°F). (b) Salinity; contours are in parts per…
Image
from article Seawater
Layers in seawater in a section through the western Indian Ocean from India (right) to Antarctica (left). The thick line represents depth. (a) Potential temperature; contour values are in °C (°F). (b) Salinity; contours are in parts per thousand.
Image
from article Seawater
Layers in seawater in a section through the Pacific Ocean from the Aleutian Islands (right) to the Ross Sea (left). The thick line represents depth. (a) Potential temperature; contour values are in °C (°F). (b) Salinity; contours are in parts per…
Image
from article Patellogastropoda
Whitecap limpet (Acmaea mitra). (Photo by Douglas Eernisse)
Image
from article Patellogastropoda
Ribbed Mediterranean limpet (Patella ferruginea). (Photo by Georgina Rivera Ingraham)
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from article Patellogastropoda
Radula of the patellogastropod Notoacmea scapha.
Image
from article Ion beam mixing
Ion beam mixing of film and substrate. (a) Before ion bombardment. (b) Partial intermixing. (c) Complete intermixing.
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from article Ion beam mixing
Ion beam mixing of alternating films.
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from article Bicosoecida
A bicosoecid, Codomonas annulata.
Image
from article Rhizocephala
Loxothylacus texanus (arrow) attached to the abdomen of the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus). (After E. G. Reinhard, Parasitic castration of Callinectes, Exp. Parasitol., 5:79–107, 1956)
Image
from article Masking of sound
Three psychophysical tuning curves, showing the tonal masking effects for tonal signals of 300, 1000, or 3000 Hz. (After F. L. Wightman et al. Factors influencing frequency selectivity in normal and hearing-impaired listeners, in E. F. Evans and J.…
Image
from article Masking of sound
Width of the critical band in hertz as a function of signal frequency.
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from article Masking of sound
Relative amount of masking obtained in forward, simultaneous, and backward masking. (After W. A. Yost, Fundamentals of Hearing: An Introduction, 4th ed., Academic Press, New York, 2000)
Image
from article Masking of sound
Masking of a 1000-Hz pure-tone signal in forward masking when the masker is a two-tone complex consisting of a 1000-Hz masker and a second tone. (a) Threshold of signal for the two-tone masker relative to that obtained when only the 1000-Hz tone…
Image
from article Polychaeta
Examples of polychaetes. (a) Platynereis dumerilii antipoda. (b) Branchiomma sp. (c) Arenicola bombayensi. (After P. L. Beesley et al., 2000)
Image
from article Polychaeta
Platynereis dumerilii antipoda, showing the antero-dorsal end with the pharynx everted. (After P. L. Beesley et al., 2000)
Image
from article Polychaeta
Hololepidella laingensis; scanning electron microscope view of the anterior end with the pharynx everted. An: antennae; Pa: palps; Prb: proboscis; Prs: prostomium; TeC: tentacular cirrus. Numbers refer to the segments of the trunk. Magnification,…
Image
from article Polychaeta
Gastrolepidia clavigera; scanning electron microscope view of the anterior end. Mo: mouth; Ja: jaw; Pa: palps; Prb: proboscis. Magnification, 30×.
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from article Polychaeta
Gastrolepidia clavigera, scanning electron microscope view of the two first parapodia (Pa1, Pa2). Ch: chaetae; Ci: cirrus; Nop: notopodium; Nep: neuropodium. Magnification, 40×.
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from article Polychaeta
Section through a polychaete. (After E. E. Ruppert and R. D. Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, Saunders College Publishing, Orlando, 1994)
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from article Ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism
Schematic cross-section contrasting the tectonic setting of generation and exhumation of (a) Alpine-type and (b) Pacific-type HP-UHP belts. (Modified after Maruyama et al., 1996)
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from article Ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism
P-T diagram showing (a) HP-UHP regimes and stability of coesite and diamond, (b) P-T-time paths for Dabie-Sulu eclogite and garnet peridotite, and (c) zoned zircon domains with sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U/Pb ages for Sulu…
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from article Ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism
Photomicrographs of UHP index minerals. Inclusions of coesite in omphacite from (a) Dabie, and coesite pseudomorph in epidote from (b) Sulu, central-eastern China. Inclusions of (c) microdiamond in zircon, and (d) diamond + phengite in garnet, from…
Image
from article Hazardous waste
Inspector determining the compliance status of a facility that generates and handles hazardous waste. (Credit: West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection)
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from article Barrier island
Generalized profile across a barrier island complex showing various environments.
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from article Barrier island
Sediment budget for barrier island complex. Solid lines are major interactions; broken lines are relatively minor intersections.
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from article Barrier island
Maps showing major coastal environments and directions, and directions of coastal processes of (a) wave-dominated barrier islands and (b) mixed-energy barrier islands. Large arrows indicate wave direction, and small arrows indicate direction of…
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from article Stishovite
Comparison of the mean index of refraction and specific gravity of stishovite and other polymorphic modifications of silica.
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from article Chaetonotida
Marine gastrotrichs of the order Chaetonotida; dorsal views. (a) Xenotrichula (courtesy of W. D. Hummon). (b) Chaetonotus (after W. D. Hummon, Intertidal marine Gastrotricha from Colombia, Bull. Mar. Sci., 24:396–408, 1974).
Image
from article Azeotropic distillation
Schematic representation of the residue curve map for nonazeotropic ternary mixtures.
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from article Azeotropic distillation
Schematic representation of the residue curve maps for ternary mixtures with one minimum-boiling binary azeotrope. (a) Azeotrope between the lowest- and highest-boiling components. (b) Azeotrope between the intermediate- and highest-boiling…
Image
from article Azeotropic distillation
Classical extractive distillation of ethanol and water using ethylene glycol as entrainer. (a) Residue curve map. Temperatures shown are the normal boiling points of the pure components and the azeotrope. Binary azeotropic composition is not drawn…
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from article Azeotropic distillation
Typical sequence of columns for heterogeneous azeotropic distillation, for example, ethanol + water + benzene (entrainer).
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from article Capability maturity modeling
Capability Maturity Models: the continuous representation.
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from article Capability maturity modeling
Organizational maturity levels.
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from article Capability maturity modeling
Capability Maturity Models: the staged representation.
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from article Capability maturity modeling
CMMI model evolution.
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from article Melanterite
Fibrous crust of melanterite (a common mineral) in a sample from Kremnitz, Hungary. (Specimen from Department of Geology, Bryn Mawr College)
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from article Energy storage
Specific range of vehicles using energy stored in various forms. 1 mi/ft3 = 57 km/m3.
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from article Energy storage
Concept of an underground pumped hydroelectric storage system.
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from article Energy storage
Schematic diagram of compressed-air storage plant at Huntorf, Germany.
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from article Energy storage
Schematic diagram of zinc-chloride battery, showing two main compartments in the design, the battery stack and the chlorine hydrate store. (a) Charge cycle. (b) Discharge cycle. (Gulf and Western Co.)
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from article Energy storage
Impact of solar-electric generation on utility load curve during a typical 24-h period.
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from article Tidal bore
Tidal curve of a river with a tidal bore.
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from article Tidal bore
Tidal bore of the Petitcodiac River, Bay of Fundy, New Brunswick, Canada. Rise of water is about 4 ft (1. 2 m). (New Brunswick Travel Bureau)
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from article Earth
The famous "Blue Marble" picture of Earth taken by astronauts during the Apollo 17 mission on December 7, 1972, while en route to the Moon. (Credit: NASA)
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from article Earth
Principal layers of Earth. (USGS)
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from article Earth
Global histogram (distribution of elevations) and hypsographic curve (cumulative elevations) of Earth's surface. (NOAA)
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from article Earth
Seafloor spreading. (USGS)
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from article Earth
Plate collisions: (a) continent-ocean plate collision; (b) continent-continent plate collision; (c) ocean-ocean plate collision. (USGS)
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from article Earth
Structure of the atmosphere. The log scale applies only to the ionization curve. 1 km = 0.6 mi; °F = (°C × 1.8) + 32.
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from article Star tracker
Strapdown satellite star tracker. (a) Mounting of system on the satellite. (b) Star tracker in housing. (Northrop Grumman Corp.)
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from article Star tracker
Silicon focal-plane arrays. (Northrop Grumman Corp.)
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from article Baltic Sea
Postglacial development of the Baltic: (a) Baltic Ice Sea, 12,000–8000 B.C.; (b) Yoldia Sea, 8000–7250 B.C.; (c) Ancylus Sea, 7250–2000 B.C.; (d) Littorina Sea, 2000–A.D. 500. (After K. Grasshoff, in S. P. Riley and G. Skirrow, eds., Chemical…
