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from article Circle
A circle, with radius, diameter, and circumference indicated. (Credit: McGraw-Hill Education)
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from article Circle
Nine-point circle and Euler line PMH.
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from article Hematologic disorders
Myelophthisic anemia results from a space-occupying lesion in the bone marrow, which hinders hematopoiesis (the process by which the cellular elements of the blood are formed). In this photomicrograph, the bone marrow space is expanded, and the…
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from article Hematologic disorders
Scanning electron micrograph of (top) an elongated, flattened sickle cell and (bottom) a normal red blood cell. (Credit: Callista Images/Image Source/Getty Images)
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from article Hematologic disorders
Colored scanning electron micrograph of round leukocytes from a patient with leukemia. (Credit: Steve Gschmeissner/Science Photo Library)
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from article Blowpipe
Glassblower blowing into a blowpipe to shape molten glass. (Credit: Hero Images/Getty Images)
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from article Trihedron
Trihedron and trihedral angles.
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from article Trihedron
Spherical triangle ABC formed by intersection of sphere with a trihedron. The center of the sphere is at the vertex of the trihedron.
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from article Tin
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from article Tin
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from article Isoelectric point
Titration of alanine with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), showing the course of pH with added fractional equivalents. The four arrows show, from left to right, the pKa [½ cations: NH3+(CH3)COOH, and ½ zwitterions: NH3+(CH3)CHCOO−], the pl (all…
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from article Isoelectric point
Course of the charges carried by lysine (pKa = 2.18) molecules in dilute aqueous solution with pH during a titration with alkali. Shown are the net charge, going from +2 at low pH to +1 between pH 4.5 and 6.5, the isoelectric point at pH 9.74, the…
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from article Medical bacteriology
Microscopic view of bacterial pneumonia, which is a type of pneumonia caused by bacterial infection. (Credit: Stocktrek Images/Corbis)
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from article Medical bacteriology
Bacteria culture growth on agar medium in a petri dish. (Credit: Sompraaong0042/Shutterstock)
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from article Genetically modified organism (GMO)
Transgenic zebrafish cells. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a fluorescent protein first discovered in the jellyfish Aequorea victoria. GFP is commonly used as a reporter of gene expression in other species. Here, GFP is expressed by zebrafish…
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from article Genetically modified organism (GMO)
Genome editing technologies. In particular, targeted nucleases are a powerful tool for precise genome editing in GMOs. Among these tools are (a) transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), (b) zinc-finger proteins (ZFPs), (c) homing…
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from article Channelrhodopsin
Three-dimensional (3D) protein crystal structure of channelrhodopsin variant C1C2. (Image courtesy of Protein Data Bank 3UG9, Molecular Modeling Database 96737)
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from article Plague
Plague ecology in the United States. The left panel shows how plague occurs in nature among rodents. The right panel shows how plague is spread from rodents to humans and domestic animals. (Credit: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
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from article Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) 2.5-m (98-in.) telescope at Apache Point Observatory, New Mexico. The secondary mirror is visible in the center of the aperture. The square structure surrounding the primary and secondary mirrors shelters them from…
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from article Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Spectrum of a galaxy (image inset) receding at around 6000 km s−1 (3700 mi s−1), or about 2% of the speed of light. The vertical line shows the wavelength at which one expects to observe the emission line Hα for an object at rest (656.3 nm). The…
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from article Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Distribution of galaxies within 4° of the celestial equator from the SDSS. In this polar plot, the radius indicates the distance from the Milky Way, and the angle is the right ascension. The diameter shown is 8 × 109 light-years. Blank areas have…
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from article Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Map of stars in the SDSS. Grayscale signifies density of stars on the sky. Several streams of stars are noticeable. Areas in background are those unobserved by the survey. (Courtesy of Vasily Belokurov; Sloan Digital Sky Survey)
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from article Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Image of Canes Venatici I, a recently discovered satellite of the Milky Way Galaxy. (Photo courtesy of Vasily Belokurov; Sloan Digital Sky Survey)
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from article Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Hubble sequence of galaxies, as observed by the SDSS. Elliptical galaxies (types marked E0 and E6) are old, spheroidal, and very massive. Spiral galaxies are on average less massive. While some spiral galaxies (S0 and Sa) tend to have very little…
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from article Iridium
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from article Nursing
Nursing provides physical and emotional care to ailing individuals. (Credit: Fuse/Getty Images)
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from article Binary and multiple asteroids
Asteroid 121 Hermione and its moonlet companion observed with the adaptive optics system mounted on the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope [consisting of four 8.2-m (25-ft) telescopes] at six different times. The satellite revolves…
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from article Gamma function
Depiction of gamma function Γ(z) for real values of z.
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from article Saturn
Saturn viewed on April 25, 2016 by the Cassini orbiter as the planet neared its northern hemisphere's summer solstice. (Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute)
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from article Saturn
Saturn viewed from the Cassini orbiter. The soft velvety appearance of the low-contrast banded structure is due to scattering by the haze layer above the planet's cloud deck. The image has been rotated so that north is up. The Sun illuminates Saturn…
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from article Saturn
Presentations of Saturn's ring system over the course of a Saturnian year.
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from article Saturn
Images from the Cassini spacecraft show the life cycle of Saturn's great northern storm beginning on December 5, 2010, when a small white cloud appeared at latitude 33°N. In these views, the Cassini spacecraft was in the ring plane, and the ring…
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from article Saturn
A natural color view of Saturn's rings from the Cassini Orbiter taken on August 22, 2009, at a distance of 2.05 million km (1.27 million mi) from Saturn. (Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute)
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from article Saturn
Structure of Saturn's rings observed by two different approaches. The upper half of the image is a natural-color mosaic of images by the Cassini narrow-angle camera. Such images have information about how ring structure differs both with distance…
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from article Saturn
Saturn's F ring viewed from the Cassini orbiter. Features resembling drapes and kinks are visible, and several distinct ringlets are present, in addition to the bright knotted core of the ring. The structure in the ring and its strands has been…
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from article Saturn
Titan superimposed in front of Saturn, captured by the Cassini spacecraft. (Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute)
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from article Saturn
The satellite Phoebe taken during Cassini's flyby on June 11, 2004. The image shows evidence for the theory that Phoebe is an ice-rich body coated with a thin layer of dark material. (Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute)
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from article Absorption
Incident sunlight is absorbed, reflected, and scattered by tree leaves. (Credit: Shutterstock / photolinc)
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from article Capricornus
Modern boundaries of the constellation Capricornus, the Sea Goat. The celestial equator is 0° of declination, which corresponds to celestial latitude. Right ascension corresponds to celestial longitude, with each hour of right ascension representing…
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
Vancomycin and an analog that is active against vancomycin-resistant bacteria.
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
Foldamers that mimic proteins.
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
The rate of this intramolecular lactonization, relative to that of intermolecular esterification, mimics the rate increase caused by an enzyme's binding and orienting substrates for a bimolecular reaction.
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
Intramolecular models of enzymatic general acid and general base catalysis. (a) Intramolecular general acid catalysis causes this acetal to hydrolyze at pH 7 more than 107 times faster than the corresponding acetal without the carboxylic acid group.…
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
An antibody raised against the phosphonate analog of a tetrahedral intermediate catalyzes the hydrolysis of cocaine to ecgonine methyl ester.
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
A functionalized cyclodextrin mimics the enzyme RNase by catalyzing the regioselective hydrolysis of a model phosphodiester.
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
Enzyme-catalyzed reactions that have been commercialized as industrial processes.
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
Mechanism of DNA scission by calicheamicin. Reductive or nucleophilic cleavage of the trisulfide triggers conjugate (Michael) addition to the enone, rehybridization of the bridgehead carbon, and Bergman cyclization of the enediyne, generating a…
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from article Type 1 diabetes
One characteristic feature of type 1 diabetes is glomerulosclerosis (Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesion), which involves the scarring or hardening of the glomeruli (blood vessels) in the kidneys. (Copyright © McGraw Hill)
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from article Type 1 diabetes
Stages in the development of type 1 diabetes. (Credit: Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet)
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from article Yeast
Colorized scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of Schizosaccharomyces pombe yeast. This single-celled fungus is studied widely as a model organism for eukaryotic cell division. It is a rod-shaped yeast that grows by elongation at its ends, and it…
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from article Yeast
Cell shapes of yeasts are extremely varied: (a) rectangular; (b) pear-shaped; (c) apiculate; (d) ogival; (e) spherical; (f) globose; (g) ellipsoidal (oval); (h) elongate; (i) tetrahedral. (Copyright © McGraw Hill)
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from article Yeast
Colorized scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of cells of brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). This yeast consists of single vegetative cells. Small daughter cells can be seen budding off from the larger cells. Saccharomyces cerevisiae ferments…
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from article Yeast
Yeast mycelia: (a) a true septate mycelium showing a break to form an arthrospore; (b) a pseudomycelium. (Copyright © McGraw Hill)
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from article Yeast
Heterothallic (bifactorial) life cycle of a basidiomycetous yeast, Leucosporidium scottii. (Copyright © McGraw Hill)
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from article Yeast
A fluorescent antibody stain reveals the oval budding yeast cells of Candida albicans. This yeast is the most common human fungal pathogen. (Credit: Maxine Jalbert and Leo Kaufman/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
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from article Liquid chromatography
Chromatogram showing the separation of various ethoxylates (nonionic surfactants) from an environmental water sample by liquid chromatography. EO = ethoxylate. Cx = alkyl. OP = octylphenol. NP = nonylphenol. (Credit: U.S. EPA)
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from article Foodborne disease
Trichrome-stained photomicrograph of a Giardia lamblia trophozoite (a growing stage in the life cycle of certain protozoan parasites). This microorganism often causes giardiasis (a diarrheal foodborne illness). (Credit: Melanie Moser/Centers for…
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from article Foodborne disease
A cluster of norovirus particles. (Credit: Charles D. Humphrey/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
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from article Foodborne disease
Colored scanning electron micrograph showing Salmonella enterica bacteria (serotype Typhimurium; colorized red) invading an immune cell (colorized yellow). This bacterial species commonly causes food-associated gastroenteritis. (Credit: National…
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from article Foodborne disease
Close-up view of Campylobacter jejuni bacteria. This scanning electron microscope image shows the characteristic spiral (or corkscrew) shape of C. jejuni cells. (Credit: De Wood and Chris Pooley/Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of…
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from article Gelatin
Gelatin capsules. (Copyright © Digital Vision/SuperStock)
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from article Gelatin
Gelatin fruit dessert. (Credit: Getty Images/iStockphoto)
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from article Trans fatty acid
Generalized chemical structure of the double bond in natural and common industrial monounsaturated fatty acids (18:1): configuration of the unsaturation site in monounsaturated fatty acids as found as a cis structure in natural fats/oils or as a…
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from article Solid-state battery
A researcher holds a sample of a prototype structure for a solid-state battery intended for use on small satellites. (Credit: NASA/Dimitri Gerondidakis)
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from article Solid-state battery
Schematic illustration of an intercalation cathode reaction.
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from article Solid-state battery
Schematic diagram of solid-state battery.
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from article Cataclysmic variable
Visualizations of the components of cataclysmic variables. The components are not drawn strictly to scale, for ease of viewing. (a) Accretion disk system, the most common type. The shape of the cool star is distorted due to the gravitational…
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from article CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing
Acquisition of immunity in the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Bacterial cells that are not immune to a particular bacteriophage and that survive infection acquire immunity through the function of the cas1 and cas2 genes. Through unknown mechanisms, Cas1 and…
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from article CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing
The function of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in bacterial immunity. Bacterial cells that are immune to particular bacteriophage species contain protospacer sequences that match or closely match the bacteriophage genome. (1) The bacterial genome contains…
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from article CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing
The function of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in genome engineering. Multiple methods are used to engineer genomes using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. One common method is illustrated here. (1) An engineered cas9 gene and an engineered crRNA–tracrRNA fusion…
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from article Hepatitis
False-color transmission electron microscopy image of the hepatitis A virus (HAV). (Credit: BSIP/Getty Images)
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from article Hepatitis
Inflammation in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. When the body is engaged in fighting chronic inflammation of the liver's portal tract (center of the photomicrograph), lymphocytes (white blood cells) are present. (Copyright © McGraw-Hill…
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from article Acid and base
Ball-and-stick model of phosphoric acid (H3PO4). H = white. P = orange. O = red.
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from article Acid and base
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from article Pleiades
The Pleiades. (Lick Observatory photograph)
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from article Decomposition potential
Determination of decomposition potential.
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from article Vanadium
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from article Yersinia
Scanning electron micrograph (color-enhanced) of Yersinia pestis bacteria (yellow) on the proventricular spines of a Xenopsylla cheopis flea (purple). (Credit: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases)
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from article Germanium
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from article SS 433
Doppler shifts of the “moving” Hα lines of (a) the approaching jet and (b) the receding jet of SS 433 versus the precession phase. The Doppler shift gives the ratio v/c, where v is the approach or recession velocity and c is the speed of light. The…
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from article SS 433
Radio image of SS 433 obtained in 2003 with the Very Large Array. A contour plot of the intensity of radio emission is superimposed on a pixel image. The binary core is the brightest spot in the center, from which matter is outflowing in two…
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from article SS 433
X-ray observations of SS 433 performed in 2000 with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. (a) X-ray image. The binary core of SS 433 is indicated with a cross and is not bright due to an instrumental effect. The lobes of the x-ray jets are visible on…
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from article Disease
Photograph of a patient hospitalized during the Spanish influenza pandemic in 1918. This pandemic is considered to be one of the most devastating outbreaks of infectious disease in recorded history. (Credit: Everett Historical/Shutterstock)
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from article Environmental toxicology
June 2010 Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Containment and controlled burn. (Credit: U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Justin Stumberg)
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from article Hypothermia
Body heat lost with exposure to 0°C air and 10°C water. °C = (°F − 32) 1.8 .
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from article Radio telescope
The 110 by 100 m (361 by 328 ft) fully steerable radio telescope in Green Bank, West Virginia. (Photo courtesy of National Radio Astronomy Observatory/Associated Universities, Inc./National Science Foundation)
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from article Radio telescope
The 1000-ft (305-m) fixed spherical dish of the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (NAIC) near Arecibo, Puerto Rico. (Photo courtesy of NAIC/National Science Foundation-Arecibo Observatory)
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from article Radio telescope
The 27-element Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) near Socorro, New Mexico, in its most compact configuration. (Photo courtesy of National Radio Astronomy Observatory/Associated Universities,…
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from article Radio telescope
Artist's conception of the 10-element Very Long Baseline Array. Signals from each of the 10 antennas are independently recorded on computer disks, which are then sent to the array headquarters in Socorro, New Mexico for processing to form radio…
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from article Radio telescope
Artist's conception of the RadioAstron spacecraft. Working together with ground-based radio telescopes, RadioAstron interferometer baselines up to 350,000 km (220,000 mi) are possible, corresponding to an angular resolution of only 10…
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from article Ice point
Arrangement for determining triple point.
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from article Ethylene
Structure of ethylene. (Black = carbon. White = hydrogen)
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from article Oncolytic virotherapy
One notable experimental oncolytic virotherapy technique involves the use of a modified poliovirus (PVS-RIPO) to combat glioblastoma (a type of brain cancer). The illustration shows a hypothetical model of how PVS-RIPO destroys brain tumors.…
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from article Galaxy
The galaxy cluster Cl 0024+17 as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope, showcasing numerous spiral and elliptical galaxies. [Credit: NASA, ESA, M. J. Jee and H. Ford (Johns Hopkins University)]
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from article Galaxy
Great Spiral Galaxy in Andromeda (M31, NGC 224) and its two small elliptical companions (M32, NGC 221, closer, at left; and NGC 205, farther, at right). (Credit: R. Gendler)
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from article Galaxy
The Whirlpool Galaxy (NGC 5194), type Sc, and a companion irregular satellite (NGC 5195). [Credit: NASA, ESA, S. Beckwith (Space Telescope Science Institute), The Hubble Heritage Team (Space Telescope Science Institute/AURA)]
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from article Galaxy
E0 galaxy M87 (NGC 4486) in the Virgo cluster, which is in the constellation of Virgo. This galaxy is a source of radio emission, and it has an active nucleus. (Credit: Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope)
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from article Galaxy
The irregular galaxy NGC1569, a starburst galaxy, with very active star-formation. Gas and dust streams surround it. [Credit: NASA, ESA, The Hubble Heritage Team (Space Telescope Science Institute/AURA)]
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from article Galaxy
Clustering characteristics of galaxies. This association of galaxies in the constellation of Coma is made up primarily of E and S0 type galaxies. [Credit: NASA, ESA, The Hubble Heritage Team (Space Telescope Science Institute/AURA)]
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from article Galaxy
An artist's impression of a supermassive black hole in the heart of a galaxy. The black hole is surrounded by an accretion disk and is hurling out a relativistic jet of material, powering an active galactic nucleus. (Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech)
