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from article Blowpipe
Glassblower blowing into a blowpipe to shape molten glass. (Credit: Hero Images/Getty Images)
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from article Tin
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from article Tin
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from article Isoelectric point
Titration of alanine with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), showing the course of pH with added fractional equivalents. The four arrows show, from left to right, the pKa [½ cations: NH3+(CH3)COOH, and ½ zwitterions: NH3+(CH3)CHCOO−], the pl (all…
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from article Isoelectric point
Course of the charges carried by lysine (pKa = 2.18) molecules in dilute aqueous solution with pH during a titration with alkali. Shown are the net charge, going from +2 at low pH to +1 between pH 4.5 and 6.5, the isoelectric point at pH 9.74, the…
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from article Genetically modified organism (GMO)
Transgenic zebrafish cells. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a fluorescent protein first discovered in the jellyfish Aequorea victoria. GFP is commonly used as a reporter of gene expression in other species. Here, GFP is expressed by zebrafish…
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from article Genetically modified organism (GMO)
Genome editing technologies. In particular, targeted nucleases are a powerful tool for precise genome editing in GMOs. Among these tools are (a) transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), (b) zinc-finger proteins (ZFPs), (c) homing…
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from article Iridium
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from article Absorption
Incident sunlight is absorbed, reflected, and scattered by tree leaves. (Credit: Shutterstock / photolinc)
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
Vancomycin and an analog that is active against vancomycin-resistant bacteria.
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
Foldamers that mimic proteins.
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
The rate of this intramolecular lactonization, relative to that of intermolecular esterification, mimics the rate increase caused by an enzyme's binding and orienting substrates for a bimolecular reaction.
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
Intramolecular models of enzymatic general acid and general base catalysis. (a) Intramolecular general acid catalysis causes this acetal to hydrolyze at pH 7 more than 107 times faster than the corresponding acetal without the carboxylic acid group.…
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
An antibody raised against the phosphonate analog of a tetrahedral intermediate catalyzes the hydrolysis of cocaine to ecgonine methyl ester.
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
A functionalized cyclodextrin mimics the enzyme RNase by catalyzing the regioselective hydrolysis of a model phosphodiester.
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
Enzyme-catalyzed reactions that have been commercialized as industrial processes.
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from article Bioorganic chemistry
Mechanism of DNA scission by calicheamicin. Reductive or nucleophilic cleavage of the trisulfide triggers conjugate (Michael) addition to the enone, rehybridization of the bridgehead carbon, and Bergman cyclization of the enediyne, generating a…
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from article Liquid chromatography
Chromatogram showing the separation of various ethoxylates (nonionic surfactants) from an environmental water sample by liquid chromatography. EO = ethoxylate. Cx = alkyl. OP = octylphenol. NP = nonylphenol. (Credit: U.S. EPA)
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from article Gelatin
Gelatin capsules. (Copyright © Digital Vision/SuperStock)
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from article Gelatin
Gelatin fruit dessert. (Credit: Getty Images/iStockphoto)
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from article Solid-state battery
A researcher holds a sample of a prototype structure for a solid-state battery intended for use on small satellites. (Credit: NASA/Dimitri Gerondidakis)
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from article Solid-state battery
Schematic illustration of an intercalation cathode reaction.
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from article Solid-state battery
Schematic diagram of solid-state battery.
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from article Acid and base
Ball-and-stick model of phosphoric acid (H3PO4). H = white. P = orange. O = red.
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from article Acid and base
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from article Decomposition potential
Determination of decomposition potential.
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from article Vanadium
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from article Germanium
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from article Ice point
Arrangement for determining triple point.
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from article Ethylene
Structure of ethylene. (Black = carbon. White = hydrogen)
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from article Multicomponent reactions
Multistep syntheses. (a) “Classical” versus (b) “one-pot”.
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from article Multicomponent reactions
Three-component Strecker α-amino nitrile synthesis and its use in α-amino acid synthesis.
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from article Multicomponent reactions
Pseudo-four-component Hantzsch synthesis of dihydropyridines and nifedipine.
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from article Multicomponent reactions
Four-component Ugi synthesis of α-amino acyl amides.
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from article Multicomponent reactions
Classification of multicomponent reactions.
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from article Multicomponent reactions
Subclassification of organic reactivity into polar and nonpolar reactivity.
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from article Multicomponent reactions
Pd-catalyzed domino four-component synthesis of pyrroles.
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from article Multicomponent reactions
Consecutive Pd-Cu-catalysis-initiated four-component synthesis of tetrahydro-β-carbolines.
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from article Molybdenum
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from article Staining
Photomicrograph of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (the causative agent of tuberculosis) using the acid-fast Ziehl-Neelsen carbol fuchsin stain. In this case, the M. tuberculosis bacteria stain red (or reddish purple), whereas non-acid-fast species stain…
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from article Staining
Staining of Klebsiella bacteria using crystal violet. (Credit: Lisa Burgess/McGraw-Hill Education)
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from article Staining
Photomicrograph of a Gram-stained urethral exudate sample from a male who presented with a case of urethritis. Numerous extracellular Gram-negative Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacteria are evident. (Credit: Norman Jacobs/U.S. Centers for Disease Control…
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from article Sulfur
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from article Paleopathology
The effect of scurvy on the right side of the cranium of an 11-year-old human child from the archeological site of Pachacamac, Peru. (Credit: Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Catalog No. 266599)
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from article Hydrido complexes
Structure of ReH92−.
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from article Hydrido complexes
Structure of [HMn(CO)5].
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from article Hydrido complexes
Structure of [HRe(C5H5)2]. The aromatic C5H5 groups are represented by pentagons.
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from article Hydrido complexes
Hydridophosphine structures, with the C6H5 groups not shown. (a) [HRuCl(P{C6H5 }3)3]. (b) [H3Ir(P{C6H5 }3)3].
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from article Hydrido complexes
Reaction scheme for hydrogenation of an olefin using Wilkinson's catalyst.
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from article Hydrido complexes
Structure of [HCr2(CO)10]−.
