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from article Organic reaction mechanism
Potential energy–reaction coordinate diagram for a typical nucleophilic substitution reaction that proceeds by the SN 2 mechanism. Ea = activation energy.
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from article Alternating-current circuit theory
Direct-current circuit.
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from article Alternating-current circuit theory
Sinusoidal waveforms. (a) Simple sinusoid without phase shift (b) Sinusoid with phase shift.
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from article Alternating-current circuit theory
Phasors. (a) Simple phasor. (b) Phasor with phase shift. (c) Voltage and current phasors. (d) Phasor for the sum of two voltages.
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from article Alternating-current circuit theory
Complex numbers. (a) The number z = x + j\,y = rejθ. (b) Its complex conjugate z* = x − jy = rejθ. (c) Multiplication of z by ± j, equivalent to rotation through 90°.
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from article Alternating-current circuit theory
Addition and subtraction of complex numbers.
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from article Alternating-current circuit theory
Resistance. (a) Circuit diagram of resistor and source of alternating voltage. (b) Phasor diagram of voltage and current through a resistance.
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from article Alternating-current circuit theory
Inductance. (a) Circuit diagram of inductor and source of alternating voltage. (b) Phasor diagram of voltage and current through an inductance.
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from article Alternating-current circuit theory
Capacitance. (a) Circuit diagram of capacitor and source of alternating voltage. (b) Phasor diagram of voltage and current through a capacitance.
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from article Alternating-current circuit theory
Sources and signs. (a) Voltage source. (b) Current source. (c) Sign convention.
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from article Alternating-current circuit theory
Circuit with resistance and inductance. (a) Circuit diagram. (b) Phasor diagram.
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from article Alternating-current circuit theory
Generalized circuit.
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from article Alternating-current circuit theory
General impedance.
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from article Alternating-current circuit theory
Combination of impedances and admittances. (a) Impedances in series. (b) Admittances in parallel.
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from article Alternating-current circuit theory
Resonant circuit. (a) Diagram showing components. (b) Diagram showing admittances.
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from article Coordination chemistry
Cobalt(III) complexes.
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from article Coordination chemistry
Orientation of d orbitals in space.
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from article Coordination chemistry
Spatial orientation of d orbitals in coordination complex.
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from article Coordination chemistry
Cobalt(III) complexes on the basis of crystal field theory.
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from article Coordination chemistry
Cobalt complexes CoF63− and Co(NH3)63+ according to molecular orbital theory.
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from article Coordination chemistry
Structural formula for the chelate complex formed from a calcium ion and ethylenediaminetetraacetate.
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from article Coordination chemistry
Structural formulas of metal complexes which are affected by steric factors.
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from article Coordination chemistry
Overlap of d orbitals of platinum with empty d orbitals of phosphorus ligand.
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from article Fractals
Koch curve, (a) first and (b) second stages.
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from article Hadronic atom
X-ray spectrum resulting from kaons stopped in carbon tetrachloride. Lines from Σ− hyperonic atoms are seen along the kaonic x-rays. The pionic lines came from decay products. Nuclear gamma rays of the first excited state of phosphorus-32 are seen…
