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Abaca
A plant, Musa textilis, of the banana family that is valuable for its hard fiber (also known as Manila hemp) and native to Borneo and the Philippines. Abaca is one of the strongest of the hard fibers. Commercially, it is known as Manila hemp. The…
Biography
Abbe, Ernst (1840–1905)
Article
ABC lipid transporters
A family of adenosine triphosphate–binding cassette (ABC) transmembrane proteins that use energy to transport various molecules across extracellular and intracellular membranes (cytoplasmic membranes, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, or…
Biography
Abel, Neils Henrik (1802–1829)
Biography
Abercrombie, (Leslie) Patrick (1879–1957)
Biography
Abetti, Giorgio (1882–1982)
Article
Abrasive
A material of extreme hardness that is used to shape other materials by a grinding or abrading action. Abrasive materials may be used either as loose grains, as grinding wheels, or as coatings on cloth or paper. They may be formed into ceramic…
Biography
Abrikosov, Alexei Alexeyevich (1928–2017)
Article
Abscisic acid
One of the major plant hormones that plays an important role in plant growth and development. Abscisic acid (ABA) is ubiquitous in vascular plants; the highest levels are found in young leaves and in developing fruits and seeds. Abscisic acid is…