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The property of displaying an index of refraction whose value is less than 0. Refraction is one of the most fundamental phenomena in nature. It gives...
Refraction is one of the most fundamental phenomena in nature. It gives rise to such well-known effects as the apparent bending of objects partly...



= Encyclopedia Article; = Research Update
Figure 1.Refraction: Diagrams of (a) positive refraction and (b) negative refraction; and calculated images of a metal rod (c) in a glass filled with regular water (n= 1.3), and (d) in a glass filled with “ negative-index water ” (n=-1.3). In parts a and b, solid lines with arrows indicate the direction of the energy flows, broken lines with arrows show the direction of the wave vectors. (Parts c and d from G. Dolling et al., Photorealistic images of objects in effective negative-index materials, Opt. Express, 14:1842–1849, 2006)
From Encyclopedia article 'Negative refraction'
Figure 1.Refraction: Diagrams of (a) positive refraction and (b) negative refraction; and calculated images of a metal rod (c) in a glass filled with regular water (n= 1.3), and (d) in a glass filled with “negative-index water” (n=-1.3). In parts a and b, solid lines with arrows indicate the direction of the energy flows, broken lines with arrows show the direction of the wave vectors. (Parts c and d from G. Dolling et al., Photorealistic images of objects in effective negative-index materials, Opt. Express, 14:1842–1849, 2006)
From update 'Negative refraction'
Figure 2.Schematics of (a) superlens, (b) hyperlens, and (c) imaging system using a hyperlens. In parts a and b, solid lines correspond to the propagating field components, broken lines correspond to the evanescent field components.
From update 'Negative refraction'