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The predicted effect of an electromagnetic vector or scalar potential in electron interference phenomena, in the absence of electric or magnetic...



= Encyclopedia Article; = Research Update
Figure 1.Aharonov and Bohm's proposed experiments to demonstrate the effects of electromagnetic potentials in electron interference phenomena. (a) Experiment to verify the effect of a vector potential. (b) Experiment to demonstrate the effect of a scalar potential.
From Encyclopedia article 'Aharonov-Bohm effect'
Figure 2.Very small ring fabricated from a gold film 38 nm thick. Lines forming the ring are 40 nm wide, and the average diameter is 0.82 µm. The electrical resistance is measured by applying a constant current through two of the leads connecting the sample and measuring the voltage difference between the two other leads. (From R. A. Webb et al., Observation of h/e Aharonov-Bohm oscillations in normal-metal rings, Phys. Rev. Lett., 54:2696–2699, 1985)
From Encyclopedia article 'Aharonov-Bohm effect'
Figure 3.Resistance oscillations observed in the ring of Fig. 1 at temperature of 0.01 K over a very small magnetic field range. Vertical scale measures deviation ?R of resistance from its mean value R. The period of the h/e Aharonov-Bohm oscillations in magnetic field is 0.0076 tesla (76 gauss). The arrows show the field scale for 10 flux quanta (10 F0) in the average area of the ring.
From Encyclopedia article 'Aharonov-Bohm effect'