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One of the major plant hormones that plays an important role in plant growth and development. Abscisic acid (ABA) is ubiquitous in vascular plants;...


= Encyclopedia Article; = Research Update
Figure 1.The indirect pathway of ABA biosynthesis begins in the plastids with carotenoid synthesis, derived from 5C isoprenoid units. Cleavage of 9'-cis-neoxanthin by NCED at the site indicated by the lightning bolt releases the 15C compound xanthoxin, which is further metabolized to ABA in the cytoplasm. ABA is inactivated by either degradation or conjugation.
From Encyclopedia article 'Abscisic acid'
Figure 2.Under unstressed conditions, the PP2C phosphatases prevent activation of the SnRK kinases and hence activation of their targets, for example, the ABF/AREB transcription factors. When ABA is present, binding to the PYR/PYL/RCAR class of receptors results in binding and inactivation of the PP2Cs, permitting activation of the kinases and their targets.
From Encyclopedia article 'Abscisic acid'
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