|
| Atomic Number | 64 |
|
| Atomic Symbol | Gd |
|
| Atomic Weight | 157.25 amu |
|
| Group | Rare Earth (Lanthanide Series) |
|
| Form | Solid |
|
| Density @ STP | 7.90 g/cm3 |
|
| Melting Point | 1313 °C (2395.4 °F, 1586.15 °K) |
|
| Boiling Point | 3273 °C (5923.4 °F, 3546.15 °K) |
|
| Heat of Fusion | 10.0 kJ/mol |
|
| Heat of Vaporization | 305 kJ/mol |
|
| First Ionization Potential | 6.15 eV |
|
| Electronegativity (on Pauling scale) | 1.20 |
|
| Specific Heat Capacity | 0.236 J/g K |
|
| Ground State Electron Configuration | 4f7 5s2 5p6 5d1 6s2 |
|
| Oxidation States | +3 |
|
| Stable Isotopes and Natural Abundance on Earth | 152Gd, 0.20%; 154Gd, 2.18%; 155Gd, 14.80%; 156Gd, 20.47%; 157Gd, 15.65%; 158Gd, 24.84%; 160Gd, 21.86% |
|
| Selected Radioisotopes | 148Gd, 153Gd |
|
| Atomic Radius | 223 pm |
|
| Crystal Structure | Hexagonal |
|
| Discovered by | Galissard de Marignac, 1880
|
|
