Scientific Notation

Table 5. Conversion factors for the U.S. Customary System, metric system, and International System
A. Units of length
Units cm m in. ft yd mi          
1 cm  = 1 0.01* 0.3937008 0.03280840 0.01093613 6.213712 x 10–6          
1 m  = 100. 1 39.37008 3.280840 1.093613 6.213712 x 10–4          
1 in.  =  2.54* 0.0254 1 0.08333333... 0.02777777... 1.578283 x 10–5          
1 ft  = 30.48 0.3048 12.* 1 0.3333333... 1.893939... x 10–4          
1 yd  = 91.44 0.9144 36. 3.* 1 5.681818... x 10–4          
1 mi  = 1.609344 x 105 1.609344 x 103 6.336 x 104 5280.* 1760. 1          
B. Units of area
Units cm2 m2 in.2 ft2 yd2 mi2          
1cm2  = 1 10–4* 0.1550003 1.076391 x 10–3 1.195990 x 10–4 3.861022 x 10–11          
1 m2  = 104 1 1550.003 10.76391 1.195990 3.861022 x 10–7          
1 in.2  = 6.4516* 6.4516 x 10–4 1 6.944444... x 10–3 7.716049 x 10–4 2.490977 x 10–10          
1 ft2  = 929.0304 0.09290304 144.* 1 0.1111111... 3.587007 x 10–8          
1 yd2  = 8361.273 0.8361273 1296. 9.* 1 3.228306 x 10–7          
1 mi2  = 2.589988 x 1010 2.589988 x 6 x 106 4.014490 x l09 2.78784 x 107* 3.0976 x 106 1          
C. Units of volume
Units m3 cm3 liter in.3 ft3 qt gal        
1 m3  = 1 106 103 6.102374 x 104 35.31467 1.056688 264.1721        
1 cm3  = 10–6 1 10–3 0.06102374 3.531467 x 10–5 1.056688 x 103 2.641721 x 10–4        
1 liter  = 10–3 1000.* 1 61.02374 0.03531467 1.056688 0.2641721        
1 in.3  = 1.638706 x 10–5 16.38706* 0.01638706 1 5787037 x 10–4 0.01731602 4.329004 x 10–3        
1 ft3  = 2.831685 x 10–2 28316.85 28.31685 1728.* 1 2.992208 7.480520        
1 qt  = 9.46353 x 10–4 946.353 0.946353 57.75 0.0342014 1 0.25        
1 gal(U.S.)  = 3.785412 x 10–3 3785.412 3.785412 231.* 0.1336806 4.* 1        
D. Units of mass
Units g kg oz lb metric ton ton          
1g  = 1 10–3 0.03527396 2.204623 x 10–3 10–6 1.102311 x 10–6          
1 kg  = 1000. 1 35.27396 2.204623 10–3 1.102311 x 10–3          
1 oz(avdp)  = 28.34952 0.02834952 1 0.0625 2.834952 x 10–5 3.125 x 10–5          
1 lb(avdp)  = 453.5924 0.4535924 16.* 1 4.535924 x 10–4 5. x 10–4          
1 metric ton  = 106 1000.* 35273.96 2204.623 1 1.102311          
1 ton  = 907184.7 907.1847 32000. 2000.* 0.9071847 1          
E. Units of density
Units g · cm–3 g · L–1,kg · m–3 oz · in.–3 lb · in.–3 lb · ft–3 lb · gal–1          
1g · cm–3  = 1 1000. 0.5780365 0.03612728 62.42795 8.345403          
1g · L–1,kg · m–3  = 10–3 1 5.780365 x 10–4 3.612728 x 10–5 0.06242795 8.345403 x 10–3          
1 oz·in.–3  = 1.729994 1729.994 1 0.0625 108. 14.4375          
1 lb. · in.–3  = 27.67991 27679.91 16. 1 1728. 231.          
1 lb · ft–3  = 0.01601847 16.01847 9.259259 x 10–3 5.7870370 x 10–4 1 0.1336806          
1 lb gal–1  = 0.1198264 119.8264 4.749536 x 10–3 4.3290043 x 10–3 7.480519 1          
F. Units of pressure
Units Pa, N · m–2 dyn · cm–2 bar atm kgf · cm–2 mmHg(torr) in. Hg lbf · in.–2      
1 Pa, 1 N·m–2  =  1 10 10–5 9.869233 x 10–5 1.019716 x 10–5 7.500617 x 10–3 2.952999 x 10-4 1.450377 x 10–4      
1 dyn·cm–1  =  0.1 1 10–6 9.869233 x 10–7 1.019716 x 10–6 7.500617 x 10–4 2.952999 x 10–5 1.450377 x 10–5      
1 bar  =  105* 106 1 0.9869233 1.019716 750.0617 29.52999 14.50377      
1 atm  =  101325.0* 1013250. 1.013250 1 1.033227 760. 29.92126 14.69595      
1 kgf·cm–2  =  98066.5 980665. 0.980665 0.9678411 1 735.5592 28.95903 14.22334      
1 mmHg (torr)  =  133.3224 1333.224 1.333224 x 10–3 1.3157895 x 10–3 1.35955099 x 10–3 1 0.03937008 0.01933678      
1 in. Hg  =  3386,388 33863.88 0.03386388 0.03342105 0.03453155 25.4 1 0.4911541      
1 lbf · in.–2  =  6894.757 68947.57 0.06894757 0.06804596 0.07030696 51.71493 2.036021 1      
G.Units of energy†
Units g mass
(energy
equiv) 		J eV cal calIT BtuIT kWh hp-h ft-lbf ft3·lbf ·in.–2 liter-
atm
1 mass g
(energy
equiv)		=1 8.987552
    x 1013		 5.609586
    x 1032		 2.148076
    x 10–3		 2.146640
    x 10–3 		8.51855
    x 1010		 2.496542
    x 107 		3.347918
    x 107		 6.628878
    x 1013		 4.603388
    x 1010		 8.870024
    x 1010
1 J =1.112650
    x 10–14		 1 6.241506
    x 1018 		0.2390057 0.2388459 9.478172
    x 10–4 		2.777777...
    x 10–7 		3.725062 0.7375622 5.121960
    x 10–3 		9.869233
    x 10–3
1 eV =1.782663 x 10–19 1.602177 x 10–20 1 3.829296 x 10–20 3.826735 x 10–22 1.518571 x 10–26 4.450493 x 10–26 5.968209 x 10–19 1.181705 x 10–22 8.206287 x 10–21 1.581226
1 cal = 4.655328 x 10–14 4.184* 2.611446 x 1019 1 0.9993312 x 10–3 3.965667 x 10–6 1.1622222... x 10–6 1.558562 3.085960 x 10–2 2.143028 0.04129287
1 calIT = 4.658443 x 10–14 4.1868 x 1019* 2.613194 1.000669 x 10–3 1 3.968321 1.163000 x 10–6 1.559609 3.088025 2.144462 0.04132050
1 BtuIT =1.173908 x 1011 1055.056 6.585138 252.1644 x 1021 251.9958 1 2.930711 3.930148 778.1693 5.403953 10.41259
1kWh =4.005540 3600000.*x 10–8 2.246942 860420.7 859845.2 x 1025 3412.142 1 1.341022 2655224. 18349.06 35529.24
1 hp-h =2.986931 2684519. x 10–8 1.675545 641615.6 641186.5 x 1025 2544.33 0.7456998 1 1980000.* 13750. 26494.15
1 ft-lbf =1.508551 x 10–14 1.355818 8.462346 x 1018 0.3240483 0.3238315 1.285067 x 10–3 3.766161 x 10–7 5.050505... x 10–7 1 6.944444... x 10–3 0.01338088
1 ft3· =2.172313 x 10–12 195.2378 1.218578 x 1021 46.66295 46.63174 0.1850497 5.423272 x 10–5 7.272727... x 10–5 144.* 1 1.926847
1 liter- =1.127393 x 10–12 101.3250 6.324206 x 1020 24.21726 24.20106 0.09603757 2.814583 x 10–5 3.774419 x 10–5 74.73349 0.5189825 1  
†The electrical units are those in terms of which certification of standard cells, standard resistances, and so forth , is made by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Unless otherwise indicated, all electrical units are absolute.
*Numbers followed by an asterisk are definitions of the relation between the two units